FLOOD WATER

Nigeria has a rainy season and suffers from seasonal flash floods. These flash foods are sometimes lethal, especially in the rural areas or overcrowded places inhabited by people where drainage is poor or does not exist at all. According to the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), 30 of Nigeria's 36 states were affected by the floods. Groundwater is our most important source of drinking water and must be protected from pollutants. Green space surfaces filter in the infiltration of rainwater pollutants out, promote groundwater recharge and discharge surface water to help safeguard our drinking water with premium quality and can be reused for irrigation into canal nearby, or discharged into the water systems, rationally utilizing rainwater resource.

WATER MANAGEMENT & STORAGE

RETENTION BASIN  Vs  DETENTION BASIN

A retention basin, is a type of best management practice (BMP) that is used to manage stormwater runoff to prevent flooding and downstream erosion, and improve water quality in an adjacent river, stream, lake or bay. Sometimes called a wet pond or wet detention basin, it is essentially an artificial lake with vegetation around the perimeter, and includes a permanent pool of water in its design.

Detention ponds are more common in the arid west and serve as important flood control features. They are usually dry except during or after rain or snow melt. Their purpose is to slow down water flow and hold it for a short period of time such as 24 hours. Urban areas rely on these structures to reduce peak runoff rates associated with storms, decreasing flood damage.

These two different kinds of ponds are often used for flood control and stormwater runoff treatment:- Wet ponds and Dry ponds. Both systems function to settle suspended sediments and other solids typically present in stormwater runoff. Wet ponds are also called retention ponds and they hold back water similar to water behind a dam. The retention pond has a permanent pool of water that fluctuates in response to precipitation and runoff from the contributing areas. Maintaining a pool discourages resuspension and keeps deposited sediments at the bottom of the holding area.

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